Which of the following is isoelectronic with carbon?

Options

A. `N^(+)`
B. `O^(-2)`
C. `Na^(+)`
D. `Al^(3+)`

Explanation

To determine which of the given options is isoelectronic with carbon, we need to follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the term "Isoelectronic"
Isoelectronic species are atoms or ions that have the same number of electrons.

### Step 2: Determine the number of electrons in carbon
The atomic number of carbon (C) is 6, which means it has 6 electrons.

### Step 3: Analyze the options provided
We need to check the number of electrons in each option to see if any have 6 electrons.

1. **Nitrogen ion (N⁺)**:
- Atomic number of nitrogen (N) is 7, which means it has 7 electrons.
- N⁺ means nitrogen has lost 1 electron:
\[ 7 - 1 = 6 \text{ electrons} \]
- So, N⁺ has 6 electrons.

2. **Oxygen ion (O²⁻)**:
- Atomic number of oxygen (O) is 8, which means it has 8 electrons.
- O²⁻ means oxygen has gained 2 electrons:
\[ 8 + 2 = 10 \text{ electrons} \]
- So, O²⁻ has 10 electrons.

3. **Sodium ion (Na⁺)**:
- Atomic number of sodium (Na) is 11, which means it has 11 electrons.
- Na⁺ means sodium has lost 1 electron:
\[ 11 - 1 = 10 \text{ electrons} \]
- So, Na⁺ has 10 electrons.

4. **Aluminum ion (Al³⁺)**:
- Atomic number of aluminum (Al) is 13, which means it has 13 electrons.
- Al³⁺ means aluminum has lost 3 electrons:
\[ 13 - 3 = 10 \text{ electrons} \]
- So, Al³⁺ has 10 electrons.

### Step 4: Compare the number of electrons
- Carbon (C) has 6 electrons.
- N⁺ has 6 electrons.
- O²⁻ has 10 electrons.
- Na⁺ has 10 electrons.
- Al³⁺ has 10 electrons.

### Conclusion
The only species that is isoelectronic with carbon is **N⁺**.

### Final Answer
**N⁺ is isoelectronic with carbon.**

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