Which of the following has a square pyramidal shape?

Options

A. `XeO_(2)F_(2)`
B. `XeOF_(2)`
C. `XeO_(3)F_(2)`
D. `XeOF_(4)`

Explanation

To determine which of the given options has a square pyramidal shape, we will analyze each option step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze Option A - XeF4
1. **Molecular Formula**: XeF4
2. **Valence Electrons**: Xenon (Xe) has 8 valence electrons.
3. **Bonding**: In XeF4, xenon forms 4 sigma bonds with fluorine atoms.
4. **Lone Pairs**: To satisfy the octet rule, xenon will have 2 lone pairs remaining (8 - 4 = 4 electrons, which corresponds to 2 lone pairs).
5. **Steric Number Calculation**:
- Sigma bonds = 4
- Lone pairs = 2
- Steric number = 4 (sigma bonds) + 2 (lone pairs) = 6
6. **Hybridization**: The hybridization is sp3d2.
7. **Shape**: With 2 lone pairs, the shape is square planar, not square pyramidal.

### Step 2: Analyze Option B - XeOF2
1. **Molecular Formula**: XeOF2
2. **Valence Electrons**: Xenon has 8 valence electrons.
3. **Bonding**: In XeOF2, xenon forms 3 sigma bonds (2 with fluorine and 1 with oxygen).
4. **Lone Pairs**: To satisfy the octet rule, xenon will have 2 lone pairs remaining (8 - 3 = 5 electrons, which corresponds to 2 lone pairs).
5. **Steric Number Calculation**:
- Sigma bonds = 3
- Lone pairs = 2
- Steric number = 3 (sigma bonds) + 2 (lone pairs) = 5
6. **Hybridization**: The hybridization is sp3d.
7. **Shape**: With 2 lone pairs, the shape is T-shaped, not square pyramidal.

### Step 3: Analyze Option C - XeO3F2
1. **Molecular Formula**: XeO3F2
2. **Valence Electrons**: Xenon has 8 valence electrons.
3. **Bonding**: In XeO3F2, xenon forms 5 sigma bonds (3 with oxygen and 2 with fluorine).
4. **Lone Pairs**: To satisfy the octet rule, xenon will have no lone pairs remaining (8 - 5 = 3 electrons, which corresponds to 0 lone pairs).
5. **Steric Number Calculation**:
- Sigma bonds = 5
- Lone pairs = 0
- Steric number = 5 (sigma bonds) + 0 (lone pairs) = 5
6. **Hybridization**: The hybridization is sp3d.
7. **Shape**: With no lone pairs, the shape is trigonal bipyramidal, not square pyramidal.

### Step 4: Analyze Option D - XeOF4
1. **Molecular Formula**: XeOF4
2. **Valence Electrons**: Xenon has 8 valence electrons.
3. **Bonding**: In XeOF4, xenon forms 5 sigma bonds (4 with fluorine and 1 with oxygen).
4. **Lone Pairs**: To satisfy the octet rule, xenon will have 1 lone pair remaining (8 - 5 = 3 electrons, which corresponds to 1 lone pair).
5. **Steric Number Calculation**:
- Sigma bonds = 5
- Lone pairs = 1
- Steric number = 5 (sigma bonds) + 1 (lone pair) = 6
6. **Hybridization**: The hybridization is sp3d2.
7. **Shape**: With 1 lone pair, the shape is square pyramidal.

### Conclusion:
The correct answer is **Option D - XeOF4**, which has a square pyramidal shape.

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