Which species has the same shape as the `NO_(3)^(-)` ion?

Options

A. `SO_(3)`
B. `SO_(3)^(2-)`
C. `ClF_(3)`
D. `ClO_(3)^(-)`

Explanation

To determine which species has the same shape as the \( \text{NO}_3^{-} \) ion, we will analyze the molecular geometry of \( \text{NO}_3^{-} \) and compare it with other species.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Central Atom**:
The central atom in \( \text{NO}_3^{-} \) is nitrogen (N).

2. **Determine the Number of Bonds**:
In \( \text{NO}_3^{-} \), nitrogen is bonded to three oxygen atoms. The structure consists of one nitrogen-oxygen double bond and two nitrogen-oxygen single bonds.

3. **Calculate the Hybridization**:
- The total number of sigma bonds is 3 (one for each N-O bond).
- There are no lone pairs on the nitrogen atom.
- Therefore, the steric number (number of sigma bonds + number of lone pairs) is 3.
- The hybridization corresponding to a steric number of 3 is \( \text{sp}^2 \).

4. **Determine the Molecular Shape**:
- With \( \text{sp}^2 \) hybridization and no lone pairs, the molecular geometry is trigonal planar.

5. **Compare with Other Species**:
We need to check which of the given options also has a trigonal planar shape:
- **Option A: \( \text{SO}_3 \)**:
- Central atom is sulfur (S) with three double bonds to oxygen.
- Hybridization is \( \text{sp}^2 \) (3 sigma bonds, 0 lone pairs), so it is also trigonal planar.
- **Option B: \( \text{SO}_3^{2-} \)**:
- Central atom is sulfur with two double bonds and one lone pair.
- Hybridization is \( \text{sp}^3 \) (3 sigma bonds, 1 lone pair), resulting in a pyramidal shape.
- **Option C: \( \text{ClF}_3 \)**:
- Central atom is chlorine (Cl) with three bonds and two lone pairs.
- Hybridization is \( \text{sp}^3d \) (3 sigma bonds, 2 lone pairs), resulting in a T-shaped geometry.
- **Option D: \( \text{ClO}_3^{-} \)**:
- Central atom is chlorine with three bonds and one lone pair.
- Hybridization is \( \text{sp}^3 \) (3 sigma bonds, 1 lone pair), resulting in a pyramidal shape.

6. **Conclusion**:
The only species that has the same shape as \( \text{NO}_3^{-} \) (trigonal planar) is \( \text{SO}_3 \).

### Final Answer:
The species that has the same shape as the \( \text{NO}_3^{-} \) ion is \( \text{SO}_3 \).

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