Among the following, identify the species with an atom in +6 oxidation state.

Options

A. `Ba_(2)XeO_(6)`
B. `XeO_(3)`
C. `CrO_(5)`
D. `SO_(2)Cl_(2)`

Explanation

To determine which species has an atom in the +6 oxidation state, we will analyze the oxidation states of the elements in the given compounds. Let's break down the process step by step.

### Step 1: Understand Oxidation State
The oxidation state (or oxidation number) indicates the total number of electrons an atom gains or loses when forming a chemical bond. Elements can have positive or negative oxidation states based on their tendency to lose or gain electrons.

**Hint:** Remember that metals typically have positive oxidation states, while non-metals can have negative or positive oxidation states depending on their electron configuration.

### Step 2: Analyze Each Species
We will evaluate the oxidation states of the relevant elements in each species provided in the question.

1. **Species 1: XCO3**
- Let the oxidation state of xenon (Xe) be \( x \).
- Oxygen (O) has an oxidation state of -2.
- There are three oxygen atoms, contributing a total of -6.
- The overall charge of the molecule is neutral (0).
- Therefore, the equation is:
\[ x + (-6) = 0 \implies x = +6 \]
- **Conclusion:** Xenon in XCO3 has an oxidation state of +6.

2. **Species 2: SO2Cl2**
- Let the oxidation state of sulfur (S) be \( x \).
- Oxygen (O) has an oxidation state of -2, and there are two oxygen atoms contributing -4.
- Chlorine (Cl) has an oxidation state of -1, and there are two chlorine atoms contributing -2.
- The overall charge is neutral (0).
- Therefore, the equation is:
\[ x + (-4) + (-2) = 0 \implies x - 6 = 0 \implies x = +6 \]
- **Conclusion:** Sulfur in SO2Cl2 has an oxidation state of +6.

3. **Species 3: ClO3**
- Let the oxidation state of chlorine (Cl) be \( x \).
- Oxygen (O) has an oxidation state of -2, and there are three oxygen atoms contributing -6.
- The overall charge is neutral (0).
- Therefore, the equation is:
\[ x + (-6) = 0 \implies x = +6 \]
- **Conclusion:** Chlorine in ClO3 has an oxidation state of +5, not +6.

4. **Species 4: BaO2**
- Let the oxidation state of barium (Ba) be +2.
- Oxygen (O) has an oxidation state of -2, and there are two oxygen atoms contributing -4.
- The overall charge is neutral (0).
- Therefore, the equation is:
\[ 2 + (-4) = 0 \implies -2 = 0 \text{ (not applicable)} \]
- **Conclusion:** Barium does not have an oxidation state of +6.

### Final Conclusion
The species with an atom in the +6 oxidation state are:
- **XCO3** (Xenon)
- **SO2Cl2** (Sulfur)

### Summary of the Answer
The species with an atom in +6 oxidation state are:
- **XCO3 (Xenon)**
- **SO2Cl2 (Sulfur)**