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A1^(3+) + 3e^(-) to Al(s), E^(@) = -1.66...

`A1^(3+) + 3e^(-) to Al(s)`, `E^(@) = -1.66V`
`Cu^(2+)+ 2e^(-) rightarrow CU(s)`, `E^(@)=+0.34V`
What voltage is produced under standard conditions by combining the half reactions with these standard electrode potentials?

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To find the voltage produced under standard conditions by combining the given half-reactions, we will follow these steps: ### Step 1: Identify the half-reactions and their standard electrode potentials. - The first half-reaction is: \[ \text{Al}^{3+} + 3e^- \rightarrow \text{Al}(s) \quad E^\circ = -1.66 \, \text{V} \] - The second half-reaction is: \[ \text{Cu}^{2+} + 2e^- \rightarrow \text{Cu}(s) \quad E^\circ = +0.34 \, \text{V} \] ### Step 2: Determine which half-reaction will act as the cathode and which as the anode. - The half-reaction with the higher standard reduction potential will occur at the cathode (reduction), while the one with the lower standard reduction potential will occur at the anode (oxidation). - Here, since \(E^\circ_{\text{Cu}^{2+}/\text{Cu}} = +0.34 \, \text{V}\) is greater than \(E^\circ_{\text{Al}^{3+}/\text{Al}} = -1.66 \, \text{V}\), copper will be reduced at the cathode and aluminum will be oxidized at the anode. ### Step 3: Write the oxidation half-reaction for aluminum. - The oxidation half-reaction for aluminum is the reverse of the reduction reaction: \[ \text{Al}(s) \rightarrow \text{Al}^{3+} + 3e^- \quad E^\circ = +1.66 \, \text{V} \, (\text{reverse sign}) \] ### Step 4: Calculate the standard cell potential \(E^\circ_{\text{cell}}\). - The standard cell potential can be calculated using the formula: \[ E^\circ_{\text{cell}} = E^\circ_{\text{cathode}} - E^\circ_{\text{anode}} \] - Substituting the values: \[ E^\circ_{\text{cell}} = E^\circ_{\text{Cu}^{2+}/\text{Cu}} - E^\circ_{\text{Al}^{3+}/\text{Al}} = 0.34 \, \text{V} - (-1.66 \, \text{V}) \] - This simplifies to: \[ E^\circ_{\text{cell}} = 0.34 \, \text{V} + 1.66 \, \text{V} = 2.00 \, \text{V} \] ### Final Answer: The voltage produced under standard conditions by combining the half-reactions is: \[ \boxed{2.00 \, \text{V}} \]

To find the voltage produced under standard conditions by combining the given half-reactions, we will follow these steps: ### Step 1: Identify the half-reactions and their standard electrode potentials. - The first half-reaction is: \[ \text{Al}^{3+} + 3e^- \rightarrow \text{Al}(s) \quad E^\circ = -1.66 \, \text{V} \] - The second half-reaction is: ...
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