In strongly acidic medium electrolytic reduction of nitrobenzene gives :

Options

A. Nitrobenzene
B. para-amino phenol
C. aniline
D. phenyl hydroxyl amine

Answer

To solve the question regarding the electrolytic reduction of nitrobenzene in a strongly acidic medium, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Structure of Nitrobenzene
Nitrobenzene has the structure C6H5NO2, where a nitro group (NO2) is attached to a benzene ring. The nitro group is electron-withdrawing, making the benzene ring less reactive.

**Hint:** Identify the functional groups in nitrobenzene and their effects on the benzene ring.

### Step 2: Set Up the Electrolytic Reduction Conditions
In this scenario, we are performing the electrolytic reduction of nitrobenzene in a strongly acidic medium, specifically using concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The acidic medium is crucial for the reduction process.

**Hint:** Recall the role of the acidic medium in facilitating the reduction of nitro compounds.

### Step 3: Conduct the Electrolytic Reduction
During the electrolytic reduction, the nitro group (NO2) is reduced to an amino group (NH2). The first product formed in this process is phenylhydroxylamine (C6H5NHOH).

**Hint:** Remember that the reduction of nitro compounds typically leads to the formation of hydroxylamine intermediates.

### Step 4: Rearrangement of Phenylhydroxylamine
The phenylhydroxylamine undergoes rearrangement. The hydroxyl group (OH) shifts to the para position relative to the amino group (NH2) on the benzene ring. This results in the formation of para-amino alcohol.

**Hint:** Consider how functional groups can rearrange during chemical reactions, especially in aromatic compounds.

### Step 5: Identify the Final Product
The final product of the electrolytic reduction of nitrobenzene in strongly acidic medium is para-amino alcohol, which can be represented as C6H4(NH2)(OH) with the amino group at the para position to the hydroxyl group.

**Hint:** Verify the structure of the final product to ensure it matches the expected outcome of the reduction process.

### Conclusion
The correct answer to the question is that the electrolytic reduction of nitrobenzene in a strongly acidic medium gives para-amino alcohol.

**Final Answer:** para-amino alcohol (Option B).