GABRIEL PHTHALIMIDE SYNTHESIS GIVES

Options

A. `1^@ ` aliphatic amine
B. `2^@` aliphatic amine
C. `2^@ ` aromiatic amine
D. `1^@` aromatic amine

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution: Gabriel Phthalimide Synthesis**

1. **Understanding the Reaction**: The Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is a method used to prepare primary amines. It involves the use of phthalimide and an alkyl halide.

2. **Formation of Potassium Phthalimide**:
- Start with phthalimide, which has the structure:
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_4(\text{CO} - \text{NH})_2 \]
- Treat phthalimide with a strong base like potassium hydroxide (KOH). The base abstracts the acidic hydrogen from the nitrogen, resulting in the formation of potassium phthalimide:
\[ \text{Phthalimide} + \text{KOH} \rightarrow \text{Potassium Phthalimide} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]

3. **Alkylation**:
- The potassium phthalimide is then reacted with an alkyl halide (e.g., CH₃Br). The nucleophilic nitrogen attacks the carbon of the alkyl halide, leading to the formation of N-alkyl phthalimide:
\[ \text{Potassium Phthalimide} + \text{CH}_3\text{Br} \rightarrow \text{N-Methyl Phthalimide} + \text{KBr} \]

4. **Hydrolysis**:
- The N-alkyl phthalimide undergoes hydrolysis (either acidic or basic) to yield the corresponding primary amine and phthalic acid:
\[ \text{N-Methyl Phthalimide} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{Methylamine} + \text{Phthalic Acid} \]

5. **Final Product**:
- The primary amine formed from this reaction is methylamine (CH₃NH₂), which is classified as a primary aliphatic amine.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the product of the Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is a primary aliphatic amine.

**Final Answer**: The correct answer is **Primary Aliphatic Amine**.

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