`CH_3 CN overset( Na // EtOH ) to X.` the compound X is

Options

A. `CH_3 CONH_2`
B. `CH_3 CH_2 NH_2`
C. `C_2 H_6`
D. `CH_3 NHCH_3`

Answer

To solve the question `CH₃CN overset(Na // EtOH) to X`, we will break down the reaction step by step.

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
The reactant is acetonitrile (CH₃CN), which contains a carbon (C) atom bonded to a nitrogen (N) atom.

### Step 2: Understand the Role of Sodium (Na) and Ethanol (EtOH)
In this reaction, sodium (Na) acts as a reducing agent, providing electrons to the acetonitrile. Ethanol (EtOH) serves as a proton donor, supplying protons (H⁺) during the reaction.

### Step 3: Mechanism of the Reaction
1. **Formation of a Carbanion**: The nitrogen in acetonitrile is more electronegative, which leads to polarization of the C≡N bond. When sodium donates electrons, a carbanion is formed:
\[ CH₃C \equiv N + 2Na \rightarrow CH₃C \equiv N^{-} + 2Na^{+} \]

2. **Nucleophilic Attack**: The carbanion can attack the proton (H⁺) from ethanol. This results in the formation of a double bond between carbon and nitrogen:
\[ CH₃C^{-} + H^{+} \rightarrow CH₃C=N \]

3. **Protonation of Nitrogen**: The nitrogen atom, now negatively charged, abstracts another proton from ethanol:
\[ CH₃C=N^{-} + H^{+} \rightarrow CH₃CH_{2}NH_{2} \]

### Step 4: Identify the Product X
The final product after the reaction is a primary amine, specifically ethylamine (CH₃CH₂NH₂).

### Conclusion
Thus, the compound X formed from the reaction of acetonitrile with sodium in the presence of ethanol is **ethylamine (CH₃CH₂NH₂)**.

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