R-X + NaOH `rarr` ROH + Na X, The above reaction is classified as:

Options

A. Nucleophilic substitution
B. Electrophilic substitution
C. Reduction
D. Oxidation

Answer

To classify the reaction R-X + NaOH → ROH + NaX, we can analyze the components and the type of reaction taking place. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants and Products
- The reactants are R-X (where R is an alkyl group and X is a halogen) and NaOH (sodium hydroxide).
- The products are ROH (an alcohol) and NaX (sodium halide).

**Hint:** Look for the functional groups in the reactants and products to understand what transformations are occurring.

### Step 2: Understand the Role of Each Component
- R-X contains a halogen (X) which is a good leaving group.
- NaOH provides hydroxide ions (OH⁻) which act as nucleophiles.

**Hint:** Identify which species are acting as nucleophiles and electrophiles in the reaction.

### Step 3: Analyze the Mechanism of the Reaction
- The hydroxide ion (OH⁻) attacks the carbon atom bonded to the halogen (X) in R-X.
- This results in the substitution of the halogen (X) with the hydroxyl group (OH), forming ROH.

**Hint:** Consider how nucleophiles interact with electrophiles in substitution reactions.

### Step 4: Classify the Type of Reaction
- Since a nucleophile (OH⁻) is replacing a leaving group (X), this reaction is classified as a nucleophilic substitution reaction.
- The general mechanism can be classified as either SN1 or SN2 depending on the structure of R, but the key point is that it is a nucleophilic substitution.

**Hint:** Recall the definitions of nucleophilic and electrophilic substitution to confirm your classification.

### Conclusion
The reaction R-X + NaOH → ROH + NaX is classified as a **nucleophilic substitution reaction**.

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