Acetaldehyde and acetone differ in their reaction with

Options

A. Sodium bisulphuric
B. Ammonia
C. Phosphorus pentachloride
D. Phenyl hydrazine

Answer

To determine how acetaldehyde and acetone differ in their reactions, we need to analyze their structures and the nature of their functional groups.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Structures**:
- Acetaldehyde (ethanal) has the structure CH₃CHO, where there is a carbonyl group (C=O) attached to a hydrogen atom (H).
- Acetone (propanone) has the structure CH₃COCH₃, where the carbonyl group is flanked by two methyl groups (CH₃).

2. **Understand the Functional Groups**:
- Both compounds contain a carbonyl group, but the presence of different substituents (H in acetaldehyde and CH₃ in acetone) affects their reactivity.

3. **Reactivity with Ammonia**:
- When acetaldehyde reacts with ammonia (NH₃), it can undergo a condensation reaction to form an imine. The reaction can be represented as:
\[ CH₃CHO + NH₃ \rightarrow CH₃CH=NH + H₂O \]
- In contrast, acetone reacts with ammonia differently due to steric hindrance. The reaction will also yield an imine, but the process is less favorable compared to acetaldehyde:
\[ CH₃COCH₃ + NH₃ \rightarrow CH₃C(=NH)CH₃ + H₂O \]

4. **Conclusion**:
- Acetaldehyde reacts more readily with ammonia than acetone due to the presence of a hydrogen atom next to the carbonyl group, which allows for easier formation of the imine. Acetone, with two bulky methyl groups, experiences steric hindrance, making the reaction less favorable.

### Final Answer:
Acetaldehyde and acetone differ in their reaction with ammonia, with acetaldehyde reacting more readily than acetone.