Cretinism in children is caused by -

Options

A. Hypothyroidism
B. Hyperthyroidism
C. Hypoparathyroidism
D. Hyperparathyroidism

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Cretinism**: Cretinism is a condition that affects children and is primarily characterized by physical and mental developmental delays.

2. **Identifying the Cause**: The main cause of Cretinism is hypothyroidism, which is a deficiency of thyroid hormones, particularly thyroxine (T4).

3. **Linking to Maternal Health**: Hypothyroidism during pregnancy can lead to insufficient thyroid hormone levels in the developing fetus, which is crucial for normal growth and development.

4. **Recognizing Symptoms**: The symptoms of Cretinism include:
- Stunted growth
- Mental retardation
- Low IQ
- Abnormal skin
- Hearing and speech impairments (deafness and mutism)

5. **Conclusion**: Therefore, Cretinism in children is caused by hypothyroidism, particularly due to a lack of thyroxine during pregnancy.