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Yellow dye can be prepared by a coupling...

Yellow dye can be prepared by a coupling reaction of benzene diazonium chloride in acid medium with x. Identify X from the following

A

Aniline

B

Phenol

C

Cumene

D

Benzene

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the problem of identifying the compound X that can react with benzene diazonium chloride to form a yellow dye, we can follow these steps: ### Step 1: Understand the Reaction Benzene diazonium chloride (C6H5N2Cl) is a key reagent in azo coupling reactions. In these reactions, it typically couples with compounds that have strong electron-donating groups. ### Step 2: Identify the Characteristics of Compound X The compound X must have a strong electron-donating group (like -NH2 or -OH) that can facilitate the coupling reaction with benzene diazonium chloride. This is crucial because the electron-donating group will stabilize the diazonium ion during the reaction. ### Step 3: Analyze the Options 1. **Aniline (C6H5NH2)**: Aniline has an amino group (-NH2), which is a strong electron-donating group. It can react with benzene diazonium chloride in an acidic medium to form para-aminoazobenzene, which is a yellow dye. 2. **Phenol (C6H5OH)**: Phenol has a hydroxyl group (-OH), which is also an electron-donating group, but it requires a basic medium for the coupling reaction. The product formed with phenol is typically orange in color, not yellow. 3. **Cumene (C6H5C(CH3)2)**: Cumene does not have a strong electron-donating group and therefore cannot participate in the coupling reaction with benzene diazonium chloride. 4. **Benzene (C6H6)**: Benzene itself does not have any electron-donating groups and cannot react with benzene diazonium chloride to form an azo dye. ### Step 4: Conclusion Based on the analysis, the only suitable compound X that can react with benzene diazonium chloride in an acidic medium to produce a yellow dye is **Aniline (C6H5NH2)**. ### Final Answer X is **Aniline (C6H5NH2)**. ---
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Diazonium salt formation and coupling reaction: When a reaction mixture of phenyl amine and nitrous acid is kept below 10^(@)C , a diazonium salt is formed. This reaction is called diazotization reaction. The diazonium ion, -N_(2)^(+) , is rather unstable and decomposes readily to nitrogen. However, delocalization of the diazonium from pi- bond electron over a benzene ring phenyl diazonium sufficiently for it to form at low temperature. The phenyl diazonium ion behaves as an electrophile, and will attack another arene molecule such as phenol. Electrophilic subsitiution takes at the 4 position, producing 4-hydroxy phenyl azobenzene. The reaction is known as coupling reaction. The compound formed is an energetically stable, yellow azo dye (the azo group is -N=N- ) The stability is due to extensive delocalisation of electrons via the nitrogen- nitrogen double bonds. The product which is a red azodye obtained on reacting benzene diazonium chloride with one of the following compounds :