Which of the following pair of assisted reproductive techniques involves In-vivo fertilization ?

Options

A. ZIFT and GIFT
B. GIFT and IUT
C. ICSI and GIFT
D. GIFT and IUI

Answer

To solve the question regarding which pair of assisted reproductive techniques involves in vivo fertilization, we will analyze each option provided.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ARTs)**:
- ARTs are methods used to help couples who are unable to conceive naturally. They can involve two types of fertilization: in vivo (inside the body) and in vitro (outside the body).

2. **Identify the Techniques**:
- The options given are:
- A) ZIFT and GIFT
- B) GIFT and IUT
- C) ICSI and GIFT
- D) GIFT and IUI

3. **Analyze Each Option**:
- **Option A: ZIFT and GIFT**:
- ZIFT (Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer): The zygote is fertilized in vitro and then transferred to the fallopian tube. This is an in vitro technique.
- GIFT (Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer): Gametes (sperm and egg) are placed in the fallopian tube where fertilization occurs in vivo. This is an in vivo technique.
- Conclusion: This option includes one in vivo (GIFT) and one in vitro (ZIFT).

- **Option B: GIFT and IUT**:
- GIFT: As mentioned, this is an in vivo technique.
- IUT (Intrauterine Transfer): The zygote is fertilized in vitro and then transferred to the uterus. This is an in vitro technique.
- Conclusion: This option includes one in vivo (GIFT) and one in vitro (IUT).

- **Option C: ICSI and GIFT**:
- ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection): This is an in vitro technique where a single sperm is injected into an egg.
- GIFT: This is an in vivo technique.
- Conclusion: This option includes one in vivo (GIFT) and one in vitro (ICSI).

- **Option D: GIFT and IUI**:
- GIFT: This is an in vivo technique.
- IUI (Intrauterine Insemination): This involves placing sperm directly into the uterus, allowing for natural fertilization to occur in vivo.
- Conclusion: This option includes two in vivo techniques (GIFT and IUI).

4. **Final Answer**:
- The only option that includes both techniques involving in vivo fertilization is **Option D: GIFT and IUI**.