The chromosome complement of the somatic cells in all human being is

Options

A. 21 pairs of autosomes and one pair heterosome
B. 23 pairs of autosomes and one pair heterosome
C. 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair heterosome
D. 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of XY chromosomes

Answer

To solve the question regarding the chromosome complement of somatic cells in all human beings, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Chromosome Count**:
- In humans, somatic cells contain a total of 46 chromosomes. This is the diploid number, meaning there are two sets of chromosomes.

2. **Identifying Chromosome Pairs**:
- These 46 chromosomes can be organized into pairs. Since they are diploid, they are arranged in 23 pairs.

3. **Classifying Chromosomes**:
- Out of the 23 pairs of chromosomes:
- 22 pairs are called **autosomes**. These chromosomes are the same in both males and females and are responsible for most of the body's genetic information.
- 1 pair is called **sex chromosomes** (or heterosomes). This pair determines the sex of the individual. In males, this pair is XY, and in females, it is XX.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the chromosome complement of somatic cells in all human beings can be summarized as:
- 22 pairs of autosomes + 1 pair of sex chromosomes (XX in females or XY in males).

5. **Correct Answer**:
- The correct option that describes this complement is: **22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of heterosomes**.