Two conductors having current in opposite direction………………..

Options

A. Attract each other
B. Repel each other
C. Do not affect each other
D. Effect depends on the material of wire

Answer

To solve the problem of determining the interaction between two parallel conductors carrying currents in opposite directions, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Direction of Currents**:
- Let’s denote the first wire (Wire 1) with current \( I_1 \) flowing in one direction (e.g., upwards).
- The second wire (Wire 2) has current \( I_2 \) flowing in the opposite direction (e.g., downwards).

2. **Determine the Magnetic Field Created by Each Wire**:
- According to Ampère's circuital law, a current-carrying conductor generates a magnetic field around it.
- For Wire 1, use the right-hand thumb rule: point your thumb in the direction of the current (upwards), and your fingers will curl around the wire, indicating the direction of the magnetic field \( B_1 \).
- For Wire 2, do the same: point your thumb downwards (direction of current), and your fingers will curl around the wire, indicating the direction of the magnetic field \( B_2 \).

3. **Analyze the Magnetic Field at Each Wire**:
- At the location of Wire 2, the magnetic field \( B_1 \) due to Wire 1 will be directed into the page (or screen).
- At the location of Wire 1, the magnetic field \( B_2 \) due to Wire 2 will be directed out of the page (or screen).

4. **Calculate the Force on Each Wire**:
- The force experienced by a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field is given by the formula:
\[ F = I \cdot L \times B \]
- For Wire 2, the force \( F_{21} \) due to the magnetic field \( B_1 \) will be calculated. Since \( B_1 \) is directed into the page and \( I_2 \) is directed downwards, using the right-hand rule, the force \( F_{21} \) will be directed to the left.
- For Wire 1, the force \( F_{12} \) due to the magnetic field \( B_2 \) will be calculated similarly. Since \( B_2 \) is directed out of the page and \( I_1 \) is directed upwards, the force \( F_{12} \) will be directed to the right.

5. **Determine the Nature of Interaction**:
- Since the forces \( F_{21} \) and \( F_{12} \) are directed away from each other (one to the left and one to the right), the two wires will repel each other.

### Conclusion:
The two conductors carrying currents in opposite directions will experience a repulsive force between them.