Distinction between pairs of compounds
Aniline and Nitrobenzene

Explanation

To distinguish between aniline and nitrobenzene, we can analyze their chemical properties and reactions. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the distinctions:

### Step 1: Identify the Functional Groups
- **Aniline** has an amino group (-NH2) attached to a benzene ring.
- **Nitrobenzene** has a nitro group (-NO2) attached to a benzene ring.

### Step 2: Reactivity with Nitrous Acid (HNO2)
- **Aniline** reacts with nitrous acid (HNO2) or sodium nitrite (NaNO2) in the presence of hydrochloric acid (HCl) at low temperatures (0-5°C) to form a diazonium salt.
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