What is deforestation and its causes and effects?

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution

**Step 1: Define Deforestation**
Deforestation refers to the process of cutting down trees in a forested area. It leads to the removal of trees and can significantly alter the ecosystem.

**Step 2: Identify Causes of Deforestation**
There are several causes of deforestation, including:
- **Climatic Changes**: Deforestation contributes to climate change by increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere, which raises the Earth's temperature and leads to global warming.
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