Which of these organisms is used for making antibiotics?

Options

A. Lactobacillus
B. Nitrobacter
C. Penicillium
D. Rhizobium

Answer

To determine which organism is used for making antibiotics from the given options (Lactobacillus, Nitrobacter, Penicillium, and Rhizobium), we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand What Antibiotics Are**:
- Antibiotics are substances that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria and are used to treat bacterial infections.

2. **Analyze Each Option**:
- **Lactobacillus**: This is a type of bacteria that ferments lactose in milk to produce lactic acid, which is used in making yogurt and cheese. It is not used to make antibiotics.
- **Nitrobacter**: This bacterium is involved in the nitrification process, converting nitrites into nitrates in the soil. It does not produce antibiotics.
- **Penicillium**: This is a genus of fungi known for producing the antibiotic penicillin. Penicillin was the first antibiotic discovered and is widely used to treat bacterial infections.
- **Rhizobium**: This is a type of bacteria that fixes nitrogen in the soil, helping plants to grow. It is not involved in antibiotic production.

3. **Identify the Correct Answer**:
- From the analysis, **Penicillium** is the only organism among the options that is used for making antibiotics.

### Conclusion:
The organism used for making antibiotics is **Penicillium**.