Anaerobic respiration following glycolysis is

Options

A. Oxidative phosphorylation
B. Krebs cycle
C. Fermentation
D. Both A and B.

Answer

To answer the question regarding anaerobic respiration following glycolysis, we can break down the process step by step:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Glycolysis**:
- Glycolysis is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. It occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen. During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH.

2. **Anaerobic Conditions**:
- In the absence of oxygen, the pyruvate produced from glycolysis cannot enter the Krebs cycle (which occurs in aerobic respiration). Instead, it undergoes fermentation.

3. **Types of Fermentation**:
- There are two main types of anaerobic respiration (fermentation) that can occur following glycolysis:
- **Alcoholic Fermentation**: This process occurs in yeast and some bacteria. The pyruvate is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide. This type of fermentation is commonly used in the brewing and baking industries.
- **Lactic Acid Fermentation**: This process occurs in animal cells, particularly in muscle cells during intense exercise when oxygen is scarce. The pyruvate is converted into lactic acid.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the anaerobic respiration following glycolysis can be either alcoholic fermentation or lactic acid fermentation, depending on the organism and the conditions.

### Final Answer:
The anaerobic respiration following glycolysis is fermentation, which can be either alcoholic fermentation or lactic acid fermentation.