Clonal cell lines can be obtained by :

Options

A. Tissue culture
B. Tissue fractionation
C. Tissue homogenisation
D. Tissue system

Answer

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Understanding Clonal Cell Lines**: Clonal cell lines are derived from a single cell and are genetically identical to the parent cell. This means that they are produced without the combination of genetic material from two different parents.

2. **Identifying the Process**: The question asks how clonal cell lines can be obtained. The options provided are:
- A. Tissue culture
- B. Tissue fractionation
- C. Tissue homogenation
- D. Tissue system

3. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Tissue Culture**: This is a technique where cells are grown under controlled conditions, often outside their natural environment. It allows for the growth of cells from a single parent cell, leading to clonal populations.
- **Tissue Fractionation**: This involves breaking down tissues into their component parts, which does not necessarily lead to the formation of clonal cell lines.
- **Tissue Homogenation**: This process involves blending tissues to create a uniform mixture, which again does not lead to the formation of clonal cell lines.
- **Tissue System**: This term is more general and does not specifically refer to the process of obtaining clonal cell lines.

4. **Conclusion**: Among the options, the only method that allows for the production of clonal cell lines is **A. Tissue culture**. In tissue culture, cells are cultured in a nutrient medium, allowing for the growth of clones through mitosis without genetic recombination.

5. **Final Answer**: Clonal cell lines can be obtained by **A. Tissue culture**.

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