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The phenomenon which defies the independ...

The phenomenon which defies the independent assortment is

A

Segregation

B

Crossing over

C

Dominance

D

Linkage

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**Step-by-Step Solution:** 1. **Understanding the Law of Independent Assortment**: - The law of independent assortment states that alleles of different genes segregate independently of one another during the formation of gametes. This means that the inheritance of one trait will not affect the inheritance of another trait. 2. **Identifying the Exception**: - While the law of independent assortment is generally true, there are exceptions. One of the most significant exceptions is the phenomenon known as linkage. 3. **Defining Linkage**: - Linkage refers to the situation where genes that are located close to each other on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together. This means that the alleles for these linked genes do not assort independently during gamete formation. 4. **Analyzing the Options**: - The options provided are: - A) Segregation - B) Crossing over - C) Dominance - D) Linkage - Segregation refers to the separation of alleles within the same gene, which does not contradict independent assortment. - Crossing over involves the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, which does not directly counteract independent assortment. - Dominance pertains to the relationship between alleles of the same gene, not between different genes. - Linkage, however, directly contradicts the law of independent assortment because it involves genes that are inherited together. 5. **Conclusion**: - Therefore, the phenomenon that defies the independent assortment is **linkage**. **Final Answer**: Linkage ---
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