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Mendel was lucky and could discover a la...

Mendel was lucky and could discover a law of heredity because he selected traits which

A

Possessed linkage

B

Crossed independently

C

Had complete dominance

D

Had incomplete dominance

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**Step-by-Step Solution:** 1. **Introduction to Mendel's Work**: Gregor Mendel is known as the father of genetics due to his pioneering work on inheritance patterns in pea plants. His experiments laid the foundation for the laws of heredity. 2. **Selection of the Organism**: Mendel chose the garden pea plant (Pisum sativum) for his experiments. This choice was crucial because the pea plant has several advantageous traits for genetic studies. 3. **Characteristics of the Pea Plant**: - **Ease of Cultivation**: The garden pea plant is relatively easy to grow and maintain, allowing Mendel to conduct his experiments without significant challenges. - **Self-Fertilization**: Pea plants are self-fertilizing, meaning they can produce offspring without the need for cross-pollination. This trait simplifies the study of inheritance. - **Ability to Cross-Breed**: Mendel could also perform controlled cross-breeding experiments, which enabled him to study the inheritance of specific traits. 4. **Contrasting Traits**: Mendel selected traits that had clear contrasting forms, such as tall vs. short plants and yellow vs. green seeds. This binary nature of traits made it easier to observe inheritance patterns. 5. **Diploid Nature of Pea Plants**: Mendel worked with diploid organisms, which have two sets of chromosomes. This allowed him to observe how traits were inherited from both parents, leading to simpler and clearer results. 6. **Restriction to Few Traits**: Mendel focused on a limited number of traits (seven in total), which helped him to analyze the inheritance patterns without the complexity that would arise from studying multiple traits simultaneously. 7. **Conclusion**: Mendel's success in discovering the laws of heredity was largely due to his careful selection of traits that segregated independently, allowing him to formulate his principles of inheritance. **Final Answer**: Mendel was lucky and could discover a law of heredity because he selected traits that segregated independently. ---
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