Bile can be prevented to pass into duodenum by

Options

A. Pyloric valve
B. Sphincter of Boyden
C. Sphincter of Oddi
D. Cardiac sphincter

Answer

To determine how bile can be prevented from passing into the duodenum, we need to understand the role of various sphincters in the digestive system. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution:

### Step 1: Identify the Sphincters
The question provides four options regarding sphincters that could potentially prevent bile from entering the duodenum:
- a. Pyloric valve
- b. Sphincter of Oddi
- c. Sphincter of Ori
- d. Cardiac sphincter

### Step 2: Understand the Function of Each Sphincter
1. **Pyloric valve**: This sphincter controls the passage of food from the stomach to the duodenum but does not directly regulate bile flow.
2. **Sphincter of Oddi**: This is a muscular valve that controls the flow of bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum from the bile duct and pancreatic duct.
3. **Sphincter of Ori**: This term seems to be a misnomer; it is likely referring to the Sphincter of Oddi.
4. **Cardiac sphincter**: This sphincter prevents the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus and does not regulate bile flow.

### Step 3: Determine the Correct Sphincter
The Sphincter of Oddi is specifically responsible for regulating the flow of bile into the duodenum. When this sphincter is closed, bile cannot pass into the duodenum. Therefore, the correct answer is:

**Answer: b. Sphincter of Oddi**

### Step 4: Confirm the Answer
Since the Sphincter of Oddi is the only sphincter among the options that directly controls the release of bile into the duodenum, it confirms that this sphincter can indeed prevent bile from entering the duodenum.

### Final Answer
Bile can be prevented from passing into the duodenum by the **Sphincter of Oddi** (Option b).

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