$ Those lateral buds which are near the apical bud are called dormant buds.
! Dormancy of lateral buds is due to Apical dominance

Options

A. If both As and R are correct and R is correct explanation of As
B. If both As and R are correct but R is not correct explanation of As
C. If As is correct, R is wrong
D. If both As and R are wrong.

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Assertion**: The first statement asserts that "those lateral buds which are near the apical bud are called dormant buds."
- **Explanation**: Lateral buds are located along the sides of the stem, and when they are close to the apical bud, they tend to remain inactive or dormant during the primary growth phase of the plant.

2. **Understanding the Reasoning**: The second statement claims that "dormancy of lateral buds is due to apical dominance."
- **Explanation**: Apical dominance refers to the phenomenon where the growth of the apical bud suppresses the growth of lateral buds. This means that as the apical bud grows, it inhibits the lateral buds from developing.

3. **Connecting the Two Statements**: Now, we need to determine if the reasoning correctly explains the assertion.
- **Explanation**: Since the lateral buds remain dormant when the apical bud is actively growing, the reasoning that dormancy is due to apical dominance is valid. The growth of the apical bud limits the growth of the lateral buds.

4. **Conclusion**: Both statements are true, and the reasoning provided is indeed the correct explanation for the assertion.
- **Final Answer**: Both the assertion and the reasoning are true, and the reasoning is the correct explanation for the assertion.