In anaerobic respiration

Options

A. `O_2`is taken in
B. `CO_2`is taken in
C. `O_2` is given out
D. `CO_2` is given out

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution for the Question on Anaerobic Respiration:

1. **Definition of Anaerobic Respiration**:
- Anaerobic respiration is a type of respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen. It is a metabolic process that allows cells to generate energy without using oxygen.

2. **Process of Anaerobic Respiration**:
- The process begins with glycolysis, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate. This step occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen.

3. **Formation of End Products**:
- In anaerobic conditions, pyruvate can be converted into different end products depending on the organism. In muscle cells of animals, pyruvate is converted into lactic acid. In yeast and some bacteria, pyruvate is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide (CO2).

4. **Energy Yield**:
- The energy yield from anaerobic respiration is significantly lower than that from aerobic respiration. While aerobic respiration produces a large amount of ATP (energy), anaerobic respiration produces only a small amount.

5. **By-products of Anaerobic Respiration**:
- The by-products of anaerobic respiration include lactic acid (in animals) or ethanol and carbon dioxide (in yeast). Carbon dioxide is a common by-product in both anaerobic and aerobic respiration.

6. **Conclusion**:
- In summary, anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen, involves the breakdown of glucose to produce energy, and results in the formation of lactic acid or ethanol and CO2 as by-products.