Give two reasons for power loss in a transformer.

Explanation

Causes of power losses in a transformer :
1. Copper losses :
2. Iron losses :
3. Hysteresis losses :
4. Humming loss : When alternating current passes through the core of the transformer, the core starts vibrating and produced humming noise. Thus, some part of the electrical energy is wasted in the form of humming noise produced by the vibrating core of the transformer.
5. Loss due to leakage of magnetic flux : The coupling of the primary and secondary coils is never perfect and it is due to this fact that whole of magnetic flux produced in primary coil never gets linked up with the secondary coil. Thus, there is always some flux leakage. Therefore, rate of change of magnetic flux linked with each turn of secondary coil SS. is less than the rate of change of magnetic flux linked with each turn of primary coil PP. Thus, a part of the energy supplied to the primary coil goes waste. This loss can be reduced by winding the primary and secondary coils one over the other.
The laminated core of a transformer is used to reduce the eddy currents.