Define Contraception. Explain two methods of it in brief.

Explanation

Contraception. The deliberate use of artificial methods or other techniques to prevent pregnancy as a result of sexual intercourse.
The major forms of artificial contraception are
(a) Barrier method e.g., condoms.
(b) Contraceptive pills
(c) IUDS, (Intra uterine Devices)
(d) Male or female sterilisation etc.
1. Intra Uterne Device (IUDs). Different types of IUDs are presently available such as th non-medicated IUDs (e.g., Lippes loop), copper releasing IUDs (CUT, CU 7, Multiload 375) and the hormone releasing ones (Progestasert, LNG-20).
Functions. IUDs increase phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus and the Cu ions released by some suppress sperm motility and the fertilising capacity of sperms. The hormone releasing IUDs, in addition, make the uterus unsuitable for implantation and the cervix hostile to the sperm
Advantages. IUDs are ideal contraceptives for the females who want to delay pregnancy and or space children. It is one of most widely accepted method of contraception in India.
2. Contraceptive pills. Oral pills contains progesterones and oestrogen which prevent ovulation Combined pill, Mala D and Saheli are the common pills used.