Among the ecosystem services are control of floods and soil erosion. How is this achicved by the biotic components of the ecosystem?

Explanation

Ecosystem services. They are regulative and protective functions of ecosystems that are essential for maintaining the climate and eclogy of the area like regulation of rain fall, climate, `CO_2-O_2` balance, protection of soil, retention of water, protection against floods and drought, reduction of pollution, etc.
Control of Soil Erosion (i) plant roots hold the soil paticles firmly against wind and water erosion, (ii) plant cover protect the soil from direct pounding abd erosion by rain and wind (iii) planrs incease the porosity and fertility of the soil.
Control of floods. It is carried out by retention of water and prevention of runoff. litter and humus of plants act as a sponge retaining most of the rain water. as the soil is porous, the retained water percolates downwardlu and is stored underground. A forest tree can help hold litres of water below it. Rain water does not form run off. both soil erosion and flood formation are prevented.