Assertion:- `NO_(3)^(-)` is planar while `NH_(3)` is pyramidal
Reason:- N in `NO_(3)^(-)` is `sp^(2)` and in `NH_(3)` it is `sp^(3)` hybridised with one lone pair.
Assertion:- `NO_(3)^(-)` is planar while `NH_(3)` is pyramidal
Reason:- N in `NO_(3)^(-)` is `sp^(2)` and in `NH_(3)` it is `sp^(3)` hybridised with one lone pair.
Reason:- N in `NO_(3)^(-)` is `sp^(2)` and in `NH_(3)` it is `sp^(3)` hybridised with one lone pair.
A
If both Assertion `&` Reason are True `&` the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
B
If both Assertion `&` Reason are True but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
C
If Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
D
If both Assertion `&` Reason are False.
Text Solution
AI Generated Solution
The correct Answer is:
To solve the assertion and reason question regarding the structures of \(NO_3^-\) and \(NH_3\), we will analyze both compounds step by step.
### Step 1: Analyze the structure of \(NO_3^-\)
1. **Draw the Lewis structure**:
- The nitrate ion (\(NO_3^-\)) consists of one nitrogen atom and three oxygen atoms.
- Nitrogen is the central atom, and it forms double bonds with two oxygen atoms and a single bond with one oxygen atom, which carries a negative charge.
- The Lewis structure can be represented as:
```
O
||
O = N - O^(-)
```
2. **Count the bonds**:
- There are three sigma bonds (one from each N-O bond).
- There are no lone pairs on the nitrogen atom.
3. **Determine hybridization**:
- Since there are three sigma bonds and no lone pairs, the nitrogen in \(NO_3^-\) is \(sp^2\) hybridized.
4. **Determine geometry and shape**:
- The geometry of \(sp^2\) hybridized compounds is trigonal planar.
- Therefore, \(NO_3^-\) is planar.
### Step 2: Analyze the structure of \(NH_3\)
1. **Draw the Lewis structure**:
- Ammonia (\(NH_3\)) consists of one nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms.
- The nitrogen is the central atom, bonded to three hydrogen atoms, and has one lone pair.
- The Lewis structure can be represented as:
```
H
|
H - N - H
|
(Lone Pair)
```
2. **Count the bonds**:
- There are three sigma bonds (one from each N-H bond).
- There is one lone pair on the nitrogen atom.
3. **Determine hybridization**:
- Since there are three sigma bonds and one lone pair, the nitrogen in \(NH_3\) is \(sp^3\) hybridized.
4. **Determine geometry and shape**:
- The geometry of \(sp^3\) hybridized compounds is tetrahedral.
- However, due to the presence of the lone pair, the shape becomes pyramidal.
### Step 3: Conclusion
- **Assertion**: \(NO_3^-\) is planar. (True)
- **Reason**: \(N\) in \(NO_3^-\) is \(sp^2\) hybridized and in \(NH_3\) it is \(sp^3\) hybridized with one lone pair. (True)
### Final Answer:
Both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.
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