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Assertion:- NO(3)^(-) is planar while NH...

Assertion:- `NO_(3)^(-)` is planar while `NH_(3)` is pyramidal
Reason:- N in `NO_(3)^(-)` is `sp^(2)` and in `NH_(3)` it is `sp^(3)` hybridised with one lone pair.

A

If both Assertion `&` Reason are True `&` the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

B

If both Assertion `&` Reason are True but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

C

If Assertion is True but the Reason is False.

D

If both Assertion `&` Reason are False.

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the assertion and reason question regarding the structures of \(NO_3^-\) and \(NH_3\), we will analyze both compounds step by step. ### Step 1: Analyze the structure of \(NO_3^-\) 1. **Draw the Lewis structure**: - The nitrate ion (\(NO_3^-\)) consists of one nitrogen atom and three oxygen atoms. - Nitrogen is the central atom, and it forms double bonds with two oxygen atoms and a single bond with one oxygen atom, which carries a negative charge. - The Lewis structure can be represented as: ``` O || O = N - O^(-) ``` 2. **Count the bonds**: - There are three sigma bonds (one from each N-O bond). - There are no lone pairs on the nitrogen atom. 3. **Determine hybridization**: - Since there are three sigma bonds and no lone pairs, the nitrogen in \(NO_3^-\) is \(sp^2\) hybridized. 4. **Determine geometry and shape**: - The geometry of \(sp^2\) hybridized compounds is trigonal planar. - Therefore, \(NO_3^-\) is planar. ### Step 2: Analyze the structure of \(NH_3\) 1. **Draw the Lewis structure**: - Ammonia (\(NH_3\)) consists of one nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms. - The nitrogen is the central atom, bonded to three hydrogen atoms, and has one lone pair. - The Lewis structure can be represented as: ``` H | H - N - H | (Lone Pair) ``` 2. **Count the bonds**: - There are three sigma bonds (one from each N-H bond). - There is one lone pair on the nitrogen atom. 3. **Determine hybridization**: - Since there are three sigma bonds and one lone pair, the nitrogen in \(NH_3\) is \(sp^3\) hybridized. 4. **Determine geometry and shape**: - The geometry of \(sp^3\) hybridized compounds is tetrahedral. - However, due to the presence of the lone pair, the shape becomes pyramidal. ### Step 3: Conclusion - **Assertion**: \(NO_3^-\) is planar. (True) - **Reason**: \(N\) in \(NO_3^-\) is \(sp^2\) hybridized and in \(NH_3\) it is \(sp^3\) hybridized with one lone pair. (True) ### Final Answer: Both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion. ---
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