Proliferation of integumentary cells at the micropylar region of the ovule in castor develops

Options

A. Aril
B. Funicle
C. Caruncle
D. Apophysis

Answer

To answer the question regarding the proliferation of integumentary cells at the micropylar region of the ovule in castor, we can break down the information as follows:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Ovule Structure**: The ovule is a crucial structure in seed plants that develops into a seed after fertilization. It consists of several parts, including the integuments, which are protective layers.

2. **Identifying the Micropylar Region**: The micropylar region is the part of the ovule where the pollen tube enters for fertilization. It is located at one end of the ovule and is significant for seed development.

3. **Proliferation of Integumentary Cells**: In the castor plant, the integumentary cells at the micropylar region undergo proliferation, which means they multiply and grow in number.

4. **Identifying the Structures Formed**: The question lists several options regarding what develops from the proliferation of these integumentary cells:
- **Funicle**: The stalk that attaches the ovule to the ovary wall.
- **Areal (Arealus)**: An outgrowth from a seed that covers it.
- **Caruncle**: A structure at the micropylar end of the seed, often involved in seed dispersal, particularly by ants due to its sugary substance.
- **Apophysis**: A swollen region in some plants that is photosynthetic.

5. **Determining the Correct Option**: Among the options provided, the caruncle is specifically known to develop from the integumentary cells at the micropylar region of the ovule in certain seeds, including castor. Its role in promoting seed dispersal by attracting ants is also significant.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that the proliferation of integumentary cells at the micropylar region of the ovule in castor develops into a **caruncle**.

### Final Answer:
The proliferation of integumentary cells at the micropylar region of the ovule in castor develops into a **caruncle**.

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