The term xenia denotes the effect of pollen on the

Options

A. Somatic tissue
B. Root
C. Flowers
D. Endosperm

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Term Xenia**: The term "Xenia" is used in the context of plant reproduction, specifically referring to the influence of pollen on the characteristics of the offspring.

2. **Identifying the Effect of Pollen**: Xenia denotes the effect of pollen on the development of certain plant structures, particularly the endosperm, which is the tissue that provides nourishment to the developing embryo in seeds.

3. **Historical Context**: The term was originally coined to describe the direct effects of pollen on both seed and fruit characteristics. However, its current usage is more specific.

4. **Current Definition**: Today, Xenia is primarily used to refer to the effect of pollen grains on the endosperm. This means that the genetic contribution from the male parent (the pollen) can influence the traits of the endosperm.

5. **Example of Xenia**: A classic example of Xenia is observed in maize (corn), where the color of the endosperm is determined by the pollen grains that fertilize the ovule. This illustrates how the characteristics of the endosperm can vary based on the pollen source.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that the term Xenia denotes the effect of pollen on the endosperm.

**Final Answer**: The term Xenia denotes the effect of pollen on the endosperm.

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