Characterisation of families is done on the basis of:-

Options

A. Vegetative features
B. Reproductive features
C. Both 1 and 2
D. None of these

Answer

To characterize plant families, we consider both vegetative and reproductive features. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the process:

### Step 1: Understanding Plant Families
- Plant families are groups of related plants that share common characteristics. Examples include Leguminaceae (Fabaceae), Solanaceae, and Liliaceae.

### Step 2: Vegetative Features
- The first aspect of characterization involves examining vegetative structures. This includes:
- **Stems**: The type (herbaceous or woody), structure, and growth patterns.
- **Roots**: The root system type (taproot, fibrous, etc.) and adaptations.
- **Leaves**: Leaf shape, arrangement, venation, and modifications.

### Step 3: Reproductive Features
- The second aspect involves analyzing reproductive structures, particularly flowers. Key reproductive features include:
- **Number of Sepals and Petals**: The count and arrangement of these floral parts.
- **Gynosium and Androsium**: The structure and number of female (gynosium) and male (androsium) reproductive organs.
- **Fusion of Floral Parts**: Whether parts are fused (connate) or separate (distinct), and the arrangement of these parts.

### Step 4: Conclusion
- Both vegetative and reproductive features are essential for the characterization of plant families. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that characterization is done on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features.

### Final Answer
- The characterization of families is done on the basis of vegetative and reproductive features.

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