Pairing of homologous chromosomes is called :-

Options

A. Disjunction
B. Synapsis
C. Segregation
D. Polyteny

Answer

To answer the question "Pairing of homologous chromosomes is called:", we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Homologous Chromosomes**:
- Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that contain the same genes but may have different alleles. They are similar in shape, size, and genetic content.

2. **Identifying the Process of Pairing**:
- The pairing of homologous chromosomes occurs during a specific phase of cell division, particularly during meiosis. This is crucial for genetic diversity and proper segregation of chromosomes.

3. **Recognizing the Phase of Meiosis**:
- The pairing of homologous chromosomes takes place during prophase I of meiosis. This phase is divided into several stages, and the specific stage where pairing occurs is called zygotene.

4. **Defining the Term for Pairing**:
- The process of homologous chromosomes coming together and pairing is known as "synapsis." This is a critical step that allows for genetic recombination.

5. **Eliminating Other Options**:
- Disjunction refers to the separation of chromosomes during anaphase, segregation refers to the separation of alleles during gamete formation, and polytene refers to a type of chromosome that is formed by the replication of chromosomes without cell division. None of these terms describe the pairing process.

6. **Final Answer**:
- Therefore, the correct answer to the question is **Option 2: Synapsis**.