Given below are two statements :
Statement I : Aniline is less basic than acetamide.
Statement II : In aniline, the pair of electrons on nitrogen atom is delocalised over benzene ring due to resonance and hence less available to a proton.
Choose the most appropriate option ,

Options

A. Statement I is true but statement II is false
B. Statement I is false but statement II is true
C. Both statement I and statement II is true
D. Both statement I and statement II is false

Answer

To solve the question regarding the basicity of aniline compared to acetamide, we need to analyze both statements provided.

### Step 1: Analyze Statement I
**Statement I:** Aniline is less basic than acetamide.

- Aniline (C6H5NH2) has a nitrogen atom with a lone pair of electrons. This lone pair can be donated to a proton (H+), which is a characteristic of a base.
- Acetamide (CH3CONH2) also has a nitrogen atom with a lone pair of electrons. However, the lone pair in acetamide is involved in resonance with the carbonyl group (C=O), which affects its availability for donation.

### Step 2: Analyze Statement II
**Statement II:** In aniline, the pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom is delocalized over the benzene ring due to resonance and hence less available to a proton.

- In aniline, the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen can participate in resonance with the benzene ring. This delocalization reduces the electron density on the nitrogen, making it less available to bond with a proton.
- The resonance structures show that the lone pair can be shared with the aromatic system, thus decreasing its basicity.

### Step 3: Compare Basicity
- **Basicity of Aniline:** The lone pair on nitrogen is partially delocalized due to resonance with the benzene ring, making it less available to donate to a proton.
- **Basicity of Acetamide:** The lone pair on nitrogen is also delocalized but to a greater extent with the carbonyl group, which is a stronger electron-withdrawing group compared to the benzene ring. This makes the lone pair even less available for donation than in aniline.

### Conclusion
- Aniline is actually more basic than acetamide because the resonance effect of the benzene ring is weaker than that of the carbonyl group in acetamide. Therefore, **Statement I is false**.
- **Statement II is true** because it correctly describes the delocalization of the lone pair in aniline.

### Final Answer
The correct option is that **only Statement II is true**.

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