Write short note on Haloform reaction.

Explanation

This reaction involves the oxidation of aldehyde (only acetaldehyde), methyl ketones, `1^(@)` alcohol (only ethanol) and `2^(@)` alcohols with -OH group at `C_(2)` with sodium hypohalite, NaOX `(X_(2) + NaOH)` to sodium salt of corresponding carboxylic acid having one carbon atom less than the starting carbonyl compound or alcohol. The methyl group is converted to haloform `(CHX_(3))`. This oxidation does not affect a carbon-carbon double bond if present in the molecule.
(i) `X_(2) + 2NaOH rarr NaX + NaOX + H_(2)O`
(ii) `CH_(3)-overset(O)overset(||)(C)-R//H+ 3NaOX rarr CX_(3) - overset(O)overset(||)(C)-R//H + 3NaOH`