The maximum number of the electrons which are permitted to be assigned to an energy shell of an atom is called the electron capacity of that shell. The distribution of electrons in different orbits or shell is governed by a scheme known as Bohr-Bury scheme. According to this scheme `:`
(I) The maximum number of the electrons that can be present in any shell is given by the formula `2n^(2)` where, n is the number of energy level.
(II) The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the outermost shell is 8.
Electrons are filled in the shells in a stepwise manner in increasing order of energy of the energy shell.
Which of the following is an accurate illustration of a nitrogen atom?

Options

A.
B.
C.
D.

Explanation

To illustrate the electronic configuration of a nitrogen atom accurately, we need to follow these steps:

### Step 1: Determine the Atomic Number
The atomic number of nitrogen (N) is 7. This means that nitrogen has 7 protons and, since it is neutral, it also has 7 electrons.

### Step 2: Identify the Electron Shells
According to the Bohr-Bury scheme, electrons are filled in shells (K, L, M, etc.) based on their energy levels. For nitrogen, we will fill the K and L shells.

### Step 3: Fill the K Shell
The K shell (n=1) can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, as per the formula \(2n^2\) where \(n=1\):
- Maximum electrons in K shell = \(2(1^2) = 2\)
- Therefore, we place 2 electrons in the K shell.

### Step 4: Fill the L Shell
The L shell (n=2) can hold a maximum of 8 electrons:
- Maximum electrons in L shell = \(2(2^2) = 8\)
- Since nitrogen has 7 electrons in total, after filling the K shell with 2 electrons, we have \(7 - 2 = 5\) electrons left to place in the L shell.

### Step 5: Final Configuration
- K shell: 2 electrons
- L shell: 5 electrons
- Therefore, the electronic configuration of nitrogen is:
- K shell: 2
- L shell: 5

### Step 6: Visual Representation
In a diagram, this can be illustrated as:
- K shell: 2 electrons (represented as dots or circles)
- L shell: 5 electrons (represented as dots or circles)

### Conclusion
The accurate illustration of a nitrogen atom shows 2 electrons in the K shell and 5 electrons in the L shell.

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