What is meant by saponification? Give an example.

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Definition of Saponification**: Saponification is a chemical reaction that converts fats or oils into soap and alcohol through the action of an alkali. This process is essential in soap-making.

2. **Reactants Involved**: The primary reactants in saponification are fats or oils (which are esters) and an alkali, typically sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH).

3. **Process Description**: In the saponification process, fats or oils are heated and mixed with an alkali. The heat helps to facilitate the reaction between the fat/oil and the alkali.

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