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Although amino group ls-o- and p- direct...

Although amino group ls-o- and p- directing in aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions, aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of m-nltro aniline. Why?

A

In nitration mixture, ortho, para-activity of `NH_2` group is completely lost

B

`-NH_2` becomes `-NH_3^+` which is m-directing

C

`-NH_2` becomes `-NH^+ SO_4^-` which is m-directing

D

`-NH_2` becomes `-NH^- NO_2^+` which is m-directing

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

The correct Answer is:
B
Protonation of the `-NH_2` group gives `overset(+)NH_3` which is m-directing.
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Nitration of aniline is an electrophilic substitution reaction. A student proposes that aniline reacts with conc.HNO_3 to form m - nitro-aniline. Do you agree with the student ? Justify.

Which of the following statements are correct about electrophilic substitution reactions of chlorobenzene 1) Chlorine is meta directing deactivator ? 2) 3) Chlorine is an o,p- directing deactivator 4) 5) Reactivity of the ring is controlled by strong-I effect of chlorine and orientation of the electrophile is controlled by its weak + R effect

A student try to prepare p-nitroaniline by nitrating aniline with con. HNO_3-con.H_2SO_4 mixture but he got m-nitroaniline from aniline. Why?

All aliphatic amines are more basic than ammonia but due to delocalization of lone pair of electrons of the nitrogen atom on the benzene ring, aniline is a weaker base than ammonia. The basic strength of the substituted anilines, however, depends upon the nature of the substituent. Whereas electron-donating groups tend to increase, electron-withdrawing groups tend to decrease the basic strength. The base strengthening effect of the electron-donating groups and base weakening effect of the electron-withdrawing groups is, however ,more pronounced at p-than at m-position. However, due to ortho effect, o-substituted anilines are weaker bases than anilines regardless of the nature of substituent whether electron-donating or electron-withdrawing. What is the order of basicity of I. p-methylaniline II. m-methylaniline III, aniline IV. o-methylaniline

All aliphatic amines are more basic than ammonia but due to delocalization of lone pair of electrons of the nitrogen atom on the benzene ring, aniline is a weaker base than ammonia. The basic strength of the substituted anilines, however, depends upon the nature of the substituent. Whereas electron-donating groups tend to increase, electron-withdrawing groups tend to decrease the basic strength. The base strengthening effect of the electron-donating groups and base weakening effect of the electron-withdrawing groups is, however ,more pronounced at p-than at m-position. However, due to ortho effect, o-substituted anilines are weaker bases than anilines regardless of the nature of substituent whether electron-donating or electron-withdrawing. Among the following, the weakest base is

All aliphatic amines are more basic than ammonia but due to delocalization of lone pair of electrons of the nitrogen atom on the benzene ring, aniline is a weaker base than ammonia. The basic strength of the substituted anilines, however, depends upon the nature of the substituent. Whereas electron-donating groups tend to increase, electron-withdrawing groups tend to decrease the basic strength. The base strengthening effect of the electron-donating groups and base weakening effect of the electron-withdrawing groups is, however ,more pronounced at p-than at m-position. However, due to ortho effect, o-substituted anilines are weaker bases than anilines regardless of the nature of substituent whether electron-donating or electron-withdrawing. Arrange the following amines in decreasing order of their basic strength

Assertion : Controlled nitration of aniline at low temperature gives m-nitroaniline as one of the major product.s Reason : In acidic medium, -NH_(2) group is converted to overset(+)(-N)H_(3) group which is m-directing.

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