The process by which multiple copies of the gene of interest is synthesized in vitro using two sets of primers is known is

Options

A. PCR
B. gel electrophoresis
C. downstream processing
D. genetic printing

Answer

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks for the name of a process that synthesizes multiple copies of a gene of interest in vitro using two sets of primers.

2. **Identifying Key Terms**:
- "Multiple copies" indicates a method of amplification.
- "Gene of interest" refers to the specific DNA segment we want to replicate.
- "In vitro" means the process occurs outside a living organism, typically in a laboratory setting.
- "Two sets of primers" suggests a technique that utilizes primers to initiate DNA synthesis.

3. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Option 1: PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)**: This is a well-known technique that amplifies DNA. It uses two sets of primers to target specific sequences of DNA, allowing for the creation of many copies of a particular gene.
- **Option 2: Gel Electrophoresis**: This is a technique used to separate DNA fragments based on size but does not amplify DNA.
- **Option 3: Downstream Processing**: This refers to the purification and recovery of products after a biological process, not the amplification of DNA.
- **Option 4: Genetic Printing**: This term is not commonly used in molecular biology and does not refer to a specific amplification process.

4. **Conclusion**: Based on the evaluation, the correct answer is **Option 1: PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)**, as it is the process that synthesizes multiple copies of a gene of interest in vitro using two sets of primers.

**Final Answer**: The process by which multiple copies of the gene of interest is synthesized in vitro using two sets of primers is known as **PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)**.

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