The ratio of homozygous violet color flower pea plants and hetrozygous violet colour flower pea plants obtained in the `F_(2)` generation of a typical Mendelian monohybrid cross is

Options

A. `3:1`
B. `1:1`
C. `1:2`
D. `2:1`

Answer

To solve the question regarding the ratio of homozygous violet color flower pea plants to heterozygous violet color flower pea plants obtained in the F2 generation of a typical Mendelian monohybrid cross, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Parent Generation**:
- In a typical Mendelian monohybrid cross, we start with two parent plants. Here, one parent is homozygous for violet flowers (VV) and the other is heterozygous (Vv).

2. **Determine the Gametes**:
- The homozygous parent (VV) can only produce one type of gamete: V.
- The heterozygous parent (Vv) can produce two types of gametes: V and v.

3. **Perform the F1 Cross**:
- When we cross the gametes from the parent generation, we get the following combinations:
- From VV (V) and Vv (V or v), we have:
- VV (homozygous violet)
- Vv (heterozygous violet)
- The F1 generation consists of 50% homozygous (VV) and 50% heterozygous (Vv) plants.

4. **F1 Generation Results**:
- All plants in the F1 generation will display the violet flower phenotype because the violet color (V) is dominant over the non-violet (v).

5. **Perform the F2 Cross**:
- Now, we take the F1 generation (VV and Vv) and cross them to produce the F2 generation.
- The gametes from F1 plants are:
- From VV: V
- From Vv: V and v
- The possible combinations in the F2 generation will be:
- VV (homozygous violet)
- Vv (heterozygous violet)
- Vv (heterozygous violet)
- vv (homozygous non-violet)

6. **Count the Genotypes in F2 Generation**:
- The genotypes in F2 generation will be:
- 1 VV (homozygous violet)
- 2 Vv (heterozygous violet)
- 1 vv (homozygous non-violet)
- This gives us a total ratio of 1:2:1 for the genotypes.

7. **Focus on Homozygous and Heterozygous Violet Plants**:
- We are specifically interested in the ratio of homozygous violet (VV) to heterozygous violet (Vv).
- From the F2 generation, we have:
- 1 homozygous violet (VV)
- 2 heterozygous violet (Vv)

8. **Calculate the Ratio**:
- The ratio of homozygous violet (VV) to heterozygous violet (Vv) is 1:2.

### Final Answer:
The ratio of homozygous violet color flower pea plants to heterozygous violet color flower pea plants in the F2 generation is **1:2**.