Variation in DNA is due to

Options

A. Mutation
B. Recombination
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Variation in DNA**:
- Variation in DNA refers to the differences in the genetic makeup among individuals within a population. This variation is crucial for the process of evolution and adaptation.

2. **Identifying Causes of Variation**:
- Several factors contribute to genetic variation in DNA. The primary causes include:
- **Mutations**: These are changes in the DNA sequence that can occur due to errors during DNA replication, exposure to radiation, chemicals, or viruses. Mutations can introduce new alleles into a population.
- **Recombination**: This occurs during meiosis when homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. This process creates new combinations of alleles, contributing to genetic diversity.
- **Random Mating**: In a population, individuals mate randomly, which can lead to a mix of genetic traits.
- **Random Fertilization**: The combination of gametes during fertilization is random, leading to different genetic outcomes in offspring.

3. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the factors identified, variation in DNA is due to mutations, recombination, random mating, and random fertilization. However, the question specifically asks for the primary causes, which are mutations and recombination.

4. **Final Answer**:
- Therefore, the variation in DNA is due to **both mutations and recombination**.

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