Diseases that are spread through insect vectors

Options

A. Malaria, filariasis
B. Ringworms, cold
C. Typhoid, Flu
D. Flu, Rhinitis

Answer

To answer the question regarding diseases that are spread through insect vectors, we will analyze the options provided and identify which ones fit the criteria.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Insect Vectors**:
- An insect vector is an organism that transmits pathogens from one host to another. This includes various insects that can carry diseases.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Malaria**:
- Caused by the protozoan parasite *Plasmodium*.
- Transmitted through the bite of the female *Anopheles* mosquito.
- **Conclusion**: Malaria is spread through an insect vector.

- **Filiaris**:
- Caused by roundworms, particularly *Wuchereria bancrofti*.
- Transmitted by the bite of mosquitoes and black flies.
- **Conclusion**: Filiaris is also spread through insect vectors.

- **Ringworms**:
- Caused by fungal infections, not by insects.
- Transmitted through direct contact or contaminated surfaces.
- **Conclusion**: Ringworms are not spread through insect vectors.

- **Cold**:
- Caused by viral infections, typically transmitted through respiratory droplets or direct contact.
- **Conclusion**: The common cold is not spread through insect vectors.

- **Typhoid**:
- Caused by the bacterium *Salmonella typhi*.
- Transmitted through contaminated food and water, not by insects.
- **Conclusion**: Typhoid is not spread through insect vectors.

- **Flu**:
- Caused by influenza viruses.
- Transmitted through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing.
- **Conclusion**: The flu is not spread through insect vectors.

- **Fluorinitis**:
- Generally refers to dental fluorosis, which is not a communicable disease and does not involve insect vectors.
- **Conclusion**: Fluorinitis is not spread through insect vectors.

3. **Final Conclusion**:
- The diseases that are spread through insect vectors from the options given are **Malaria** and **Filiaris**.

### Final Answer:
The correct diseases that are spread through insect vectors are **Malaria** and **Filiaris**.

---