The Abingdon tortoise in Galapagos islands became extinct after the goats were introduced on the land. This is example for

Options

A. Competitive release
B. Competitive exclusion
C. Interference competition
D. Commensalism

Answer

To determine the correct answer to the question regarding the extinction of the Abingdon tortoise in the Galapagos Islands after the introduction of goats, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Context**: The Abingdon tortoise became extinct shortly after goats were introduced to the Galapagos Islands. This indicates a significant ecological change due to the introduction of a new species.

2. **Identify the Options**: The options provided are:
- A) Competitive Release
- B) Competitive Exclusion
- C) Interspecific Competition
- D) Commensalism

3. **Define Competitive Exclusion**: Competitive exclusion is a principle stating that two species competing for the same resources cannot coexist if other ecological factors are constant. One species will outcompete the other, leading to its extinction.

4. **Analyze the Situation**: The goats, as an introduced species, likely competed with the tortoises for food resources. Given that goats are efficient browsers, they would have outcompeted the tortoises for vegetation, leading to the tortoises’ decline and eventual extinction.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the definition and the situation described, the introduction of goats led to the extinction of the Abingdon tortoise due to competitive exclusion. Therefore, the correct answer is **B) Competitive Exclusion**.

### Final Answer:
The extinction of the Abingdon tortoise in the Galapagos Islands after the introduction of goats is an example of **Competitive Exclusion**.

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