A brief information about two atoms P and Q is given below.
P: Atomic number = 8, Mass number = 16
O: Atomic number = 8, Mass number = 18
Which of the following is correct about these two atoms?

Options

A. Electronic configuration of P is 2,4, 2 while that of Q is 2, 6.
B. Both P and Q contain same number of neutrons.
C. P and Q both have 2 electron shells.
D. Both P and Q have 4 valence electrons.

Answer

To solve the question regarding the two atoms P and Q, we will analyze the provided information step by step.

### Step 1: Identify the Atoms
- Atom P has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 16.
- Atom Q has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 18.

### Step 2: Determine the Number of Protons and Electrons
- The atomic number of an atom indicates the number of protons. Therefore, both atoms P and Q have:
- Protons in P = 8
- Protons in Q = 8
- For neutral atoms, the number of electrons equals the number of protons:
- Electrons in P = 8
- Electrons in Q = 8

### Step 3: Calculate the Number of Neutrons
- The number of neutrons can be calculated using the formula:
\[ \text{Number of Neutrons} = \text{Mass Number} - \text{Atomic Number} \]
- For Atom P:
\[ \text{Neutrons in P} = 16 - 8 = 8 \]
- For Atom Q:
\[ \text{Neutrons in Q} = 18 - 8 = 10 \]

### Step 4: Determine the Electronic Configuration
- The electronic configuration of both atoms can be derived from the number of electrons:
- K shell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, and the remaining electrons will go into the L shell.
- For both atoms:
- K shell: 2 electrons
- L shell: 6 electrons
- Therefore, the electronic configuration for both atoms is:
- P: 2, 6
- Q: 2, 6

### Step 5: Identify Valence Electrons
- Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell (L shell in this case):
- Both P and Q have 6 valence electrons.

### Step 6: Summary of Findings
- Both atoms P and Q have the same number of protons and electrons (8).
- Atom P has 8 neutrons, while Atom Q has 10 neutrons.
- Both have the same electronic configuration (2, 6).
- Both have 6 valence electrons.

### Conclusion
Based on the analysis, the correct statements about atoms P and Q are:
- They have the same electronic configuration.
- They both have 6 valence electrons.
- They do not have the same number of neutrons.