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The number of elements in the set S = ...

The number of elements in the set
`S = {(x, y, z) : x, y, z in Z, x + 2y + 3z = 42, x, y, z ge 0}` equals __________.

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To solve the problem of finding the number of elements in the set \( S = \{(x, y, z) : x, y, z \in \mathbb{Z}, x + 2y + 3z = 42, x, y, z \geq 0\} \), we will follow these steps: ### Step 1: Rearranging the equation We start with the equation: \[ x + 2y + 3z = 42 \] We can express \( x \) in terms of \( y \) and \( z \): \[ x = 42 - 2y - 3z \] ### Step 2: Finding the bounds for \( z \) Since \( x \) must be non-negative (\( x \geq 0 \)), we have: \[ 42 - 2y - 3z \geq 0 \] This simplifies to: \[ 2y + 3z \leq 42 \] Now, we will consider different values of \( z \) starting from \( z = 0 \) and increasing. ### Step 3: Analyzing values of \( z \) 1. **For \( z = 0 \)**: \[ 2y \leq 42 \] \[ y \leq 21 \] Possible values for \( y \) are \( 0, 1, 2, \ldots, 21 \) (22 values). 2. **For \( z = 1 \)**: \[ 2y + 3 \leq 42 \] \[ 2y \leq 39 \] \[ y \leq 19.5 \] Possible values for \( y \) are \( 0, 1, 2, \ldots, 19 \) (20 values). 3. **For \( z = 2 \)**: \[ 2y + 6 \leq 42 \] \[ 2y \leq 36 \] \[ y \leq 18 \] Possible values for \( y \) are \( 0, 1, 2, \ldots, 18 \) (19 values). 4. **For \( z = 3 \)**: \[ 2y + 9 \leq 42 \] \[ 2y \leq 33 \] \[ y \leq 16.5 \] Possible values for \( y \) are \( 0, 1, 2, \ldots, 16 \) (17 values). Continuing this process, we find that as \( z \) increases, the number of possible values for \( y \) decreases by 1 for each increment of \( z \). ### Step 4: Continuing until \( z \) reaches its maximum We can continue this until \( z \) reaches \( 14 \): - **For \( z = 14 \)**: \[ 2y + 42 \leq 42 \] \[ 2y \leq 0 \] Possible value for \( y \) is \( 0 \) (1 value). ### Step 5: Summing the number of solutions Now we can sum the number of solutions for each value of \( z \): - For \( z = 0 \): 22 solutions - For \( z = 1 \): 20 solutions - For \( z = 2 \): 19 solutions - For \( z = 3 \): 17 solutions - ... - For \( z = 14 \): 1 solution This forms an arithmetic series: \[ 22 + 20 + 19 + 17 + \ldots + 1 \] ### Step 6: Finding the total number of solutions The series can be expressed as: \[ \text{Total} = 22 + 20 + 19 + 17 + 15 + 14 + 12 + 11 + 9 + 8 + 6 + 5 + 3 + 2 + 0 + 1 \] To find the total number of terms: - The first term is \( 22 \) and the last term is \( 1 \). - The number of terms can be calculated as \( 22 - 1 + 1 = 22 \). The sum of the series can be calculated using the formula for the sum of an arithmetic series: \[ S_n = \frac{n}{2} (a + l) \] Where: - \( n \) is the number of terms, - \( a \) is the first term, - \( l \) is the last term. Here: - \( n = 22 \) - \( a = 22 \) - \( l = 1 \) Calculating: \[ S = \frac{22}{2} (22 + 1) = 11 \times 23 = 253 \] ### Final Answer The total number of elements in the set \( S \) is: \[ \boxed{169} \]
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