The d-orbital involved in the hybridization in `PCl_(3) ` molecule is

Options

A. `3d _(x^(2) - y^(2))`
B. `3d_(z^(2))`
C. ` 3 dxy `
D. `4d _(x^(2) - y^(2))`

Explanation

To determine the d-orbital involved in the hybridization of the \( PCl_3 \) molecule, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the central atom
The central atom in \( PCl_3 \) is phosphorus (P).

**Hint:** Look for the atom that is bonded to other atoms in the molecule.

### Step 2: Determine the valence electrons of phosphorus
Phosphorus has an atomic number of 15, and its electronic configuration is \( [Ne] 3s^2 3p^3 \). Therefore, phosphorus has 5 valence electrons (2 from the 3s orbital and 3 from the 3p orbitals).

**Hint:** Count the electrons in the outermost shell of the atom.

### Step 3: Analyze the bonding in \( PCl_3 \)
In \( PCl_3 \), phosphorus forms three single bonds with three chlorine atoms. This means that three of its valence electrons are used for bonding, leaving one lone pair of electrons.

**Hint:** Consider how many bonds are formed and how many lone pairs are present.

### Step 4: Determine the steric number
The steric number is calculated as the number of bonded atoms plus the number of lone pairs. In this case, there are 3 bonded pairs (from the three \( P-Cl \) bonds) and 1 lone pair. Therefore, the steric number is \( 3 + 1 = 4 \).

**Hint:** Remember that the steric number helps to determine the hybridization.

### Step 5: Identify the hybridization
With a steric number of 4, the hybridization of phosphorus in \( PCl_3 \) is \( sp^3 \).

**Hint:** Use the steric number to find the corresponding hybridization type.

### Step 6: Determine the involvement of d-orbitals
Since \( PCl_3 \) is \( sp^3 \) hybridized, it does not involve any d-orbitals in its hybridization. The d-orbitals are not used in the formation of \( PCl_3 \).

**Hint:** Remember that only certain hybridizations (like \( sp^3d \)) involve d-orbitals.

### Conclusion
The d-orbital involved in the hybridization in \( PCl_3 \) molecule is **none**; \( PCl_3 \) is \( sp^3 \) hybridized and does not utilize d-orbitals.