Calculate the quantity of electricity that would be required to reduce `12.3g` of nitrobenzene to aniline, if the current efficiency for the process is `50%`. If the potential drop across the cell is 3.0V, how much energy will be consumed?

Explanation

The reduction reaction may be written as: `C_(6)H_(5)NO_(2)+6H^(+)+6e^(-)toC_(6)H_(5)NH_(2)+3H_(2)O`
Thus, 1 mol of `C_(6)H_(5)NO_(2)`, i.e., 123 g require electricity`=6xx96500C=579000C`
`therefore12.3`g require electricity=57900 C
As the current effeciency is 50%, quantity of electricity actually required`=2xx57900C=115800C`
Energy consumed=`EMFxx`Qty. of electricity`=3xx115800J=347400J`.