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Which is smaller, terminal-p.d. or e.m.f...

Which is smaller, terminal-p.d. or e.m.f. of a cell and why ?

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Terminal p.d. is smaller. It is a because when a cell supplies current a part of e.m.f. ( i.e., some electrical energy ) is used in overcoming the internal resistance of the ell. As a result of it, p.d. at the terminals of the cell falls from its maximum value.
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