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The special structure of urinary bladder...

The special structure of urinary bladder helps to store about one litre of urine at a time. Describe this structure of urinary bladder and mention the difference in the length of urethra in man and woman.

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(1) Urinary bladder is pear shaped bag with thick muscular walls. The walls are lined with transitional epithelium and thus it can expand. There is thick layer of muscles called detrusor muscles. It is located in the pelvic cavity.
(2) The ureters open into urinary bladder in oblique way, thus backflow of urine is prevented.
(3) Bladder leads to urethra. The urethral openings are guarded by sphincters.
(4) Urinary bladder stores about 500 ml to 1 litre of urine temporarily.
(5) The emptying of bladder is under voluntary control.
(6) Female urethra is short about 4 cm, and it opens in front of vaginal opening in vestibule. Male urethra is long about 20 cm. It passes through the penis. Urethra in male is common for sperms as well as urine.
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