NCERT Solutions Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler
NCERT Solutions Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler help students learn about how Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany and how Nazi ideas affected the country and the world. This NCERT Solutions Class 9 Social Science History chapter explains the political, economic, and social conditions in Germany after World War I, and how these led to the rise of Nazism.
These NCERT Solutions help students learn about the causes and effects of Nazi rule in an easy-to-understand manner, which helps them remember the past. Students can better prepare for tests, comprehend significant historical events, and confidently write accurate answers with the help of these NCERT Solutions.
1.0Download NCERT Solutions Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler : Free PDF
Download NCERT Solutions Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 3 – Nazism and the Rise of Hitler in free PDF. Clear, concise answers for better understanding and exam prep.
2.0Important Concepts in NCERT Solutions Class 9 History Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler : Brief Explanation
NCERT Solutions Class 9 History Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler introduces students to the political, social, and economic conditions that led to the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany, the nature of Nazi ideology, and the devastating consequences it had for Germany and the world. The chapter not only traces the events of the interwar period but also explains how propaganda, nationalism, and racial ideology shaped one of the most tragic periods in history.
- The Defeat of Germany in the First World War – Impact of the Treaty of Versailles, economic crisis, and political instability that created resentment among the German population.
- The Weimar Republic and Its Weaknesses – Democratic structure, constitutional features, and the challenges faced by the new government, including hyperinflation and public distrust.
- The Rise of Hitler and the Nazi Party – Formation of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party, Hitler’s leadership, and use of charismatic speeches and mass rallies to gain support.
- Nazi Ideology – Beliefs in extreme nationalism, racial purity, anti-Semitism, anti-communism, and the glorification of war and expansionism.
- Establishment of the Nazi State – Suppression of opposition, control over media, use of propaganda, and indoctrination through education and youth organisations.
- Persecution and Atrocities – Discrimination, ghettoisation, and systematic extermination of Jews and other minorities during the Holocaust.
- The Role of Propaganda – Use of posters, films, and speeches to control public opinion and promote Nazi policies.
- Impact on Germany and the World – Militarisation, aggressive foreign policy leading to the Second World War, and the long-lasting lessons about human rights and democracy.
3.0NCERT Class 9 History Chapter 3: Detailed Solutions
- Describe the problems faced by the Weimer Republic.
OR
How was the Weimar Republic born in Germany? Explain.
Ans. A National Assembly met at Weimer and established a democratic constitution with a federal structure. The republic was, however, not received well by its own people largely because of the terms it was forced to accept after Germany's defeat at the end of the First World War. Many Germans held the new Weimer Republic responsible for not only the defeat in the war but the disgrace at Versailles. This republic was finally crippled by being forced to pay compensation.
There was another problem which the Weimer Republic faced just at its inception. Its birth coincided with the revolutionary uprising of the Spartacist League. The political atmosphere in Berlin was charged with demands for Soviet-style governance. Though the uprising was crushed by the Republic, the Spartacists founded the Communist Party of Germany. Both parties now became enemies and could not combine together with Hitler.
This was followed by the economic crisis of 1923. The value of the German mark fell considerably. The Weimer Republic had to face hyperinflation. Then came the Wall Street Exchange crash in 1929.
America had bailed Germany out of the hyperinflation but with this crash it was evident that the stability was just temporary. The USA withdrew its support with the crash. The situation in Germany became worse. The currency lost its value, business was ruined and deep anxiety and fears haunted the people. Unemployment created an atmosphere of crime and total despair. - Discuss why Nazism became popular in Germany by 1930.
Ans. The Nazis could not effectively mobilise popular support till the early 1930s. Nazism became a mass movement only during the Great Depression. After 1929, banks collapsed and businesses shut down, workers lost their jobs and the middle classes were threatened with destitution. The Nazi propaganda stirred hopes of a better future at this time. In 1928, the Nazi Party got no more than 2.6 per cent votes in the Reichstag - the German Parliament. By 1932, it had become the largest party with 37 per cent votes.
Hitler was a powerful speaker. He promised to build a strong nation, undo the injustice of the Versailles Treaty and restore the dignity of the German people. He promised employment for the unemployed, and a secure future for the youth. He promised to weed out all foreign influences and resist all foreign conspiracies against Germany. Hitler
understood the importance of rituals and spectacle in mobilising people. Nazis held massive rallies and public meetings to demonstrate the support for Hitler and instil a sense of unity among the people. The red banners with the Swastika, the Nazi salute, and the ritualized rounds of applause after the speeches were all part of this spectacle of power. The people whose sense of dignity and pride had been shattered, and who were living in a time of acute economic had political crises, saw in Hitler a messiah and a saviour who would deliver them from their difficulties. This was projected by the Nazi propaganda.
- What are the peculiar features of Nazi thinking?
Ans. Nazi ideology was synonymous with Hitler worldwide. According to this there was no equality between people, but only a racial hierarchy. In this view, blond, blue-eyed, Nordic German Aryans were at the top, while Jews were located at the lowest rung. They came to be regarded as an anti-race, as arch enemies of the Aryans. All other coloured people were placed in between, depending upon their external features. Hitler's racism was borrowed from thinkers like Charles Darwin and Herbert Spencer. The Nazi argument was simple: the strongest race would survive and the weak ones would perish. The Aryan race was the finest. It had to retain its purity, become stronger and dominate the world.
The other aspect of Hitler's ideology related to the geopolitical concept of Lebensraum, or living space. He believed that new territories had to be acquired for settlement. This would enhance the area of the mother country, while enabling the settlers on new lands to retain an intimate link with the place of their origin. It would also enhance the material resources and power of the German nation.
Their dream was to create an exclusive racial community of pure Germans by physically eliminating all those who were seen as 'undesirable' in the extended empire. Nazis wanted only a society of 'pure and healthy Nordic Aryans'. They alone was considered 'desirable'. Only they were seen as worthy of prospering and multiplying, others had no such right. - Explain why Nazi propaganda was effective in creating a hatred for Jews.
Ans. The Nazi regime used language and media with care, and often to great effect. Media was used to gain support for the regime and to make it popular all over the world. They spread their ideas through visual images, radio, posters, slogans, speeches, films, etc. All enemies of Germans, especially the Jews were mocked, abused and called as evil. They were termed as bad-meaning foreign agents.
The most infamous film "Eternal Jew" was shown all over to the people. All orthodox Jews were stereotyped and shown as supporting long beards and wearing
loose clothes. But in reality, it was not so. These Jews were called names such as rats, pests and vermins. Nazi propaganda completely brainwashed the people who began to believe that Jews are to be hated. The Nazi propaganda worked on all sections of the society and sought to win their support by glorifying Nazism and suggesting that Nazis alone could solve their problem. Most people began to see Jews through the Nazi vision, they even spoke in the Nazi language. Whenever they sighted a Jew, hatred and anger welled up inside them. Jews were looked upon with suspicion and even their living areas marked.
- Explain what role women had in Nazi society. Return to Chapter 1 on the French Revolution. Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting the role of women in the two periods.
Ans. It was made obvious that women were radically different from men. Boys were taught to be aggressive, masculine and steel-hearted, girls were told that they had to become good mothers and rear pure-blooded Aryan children. They had to be the bearers of the Aryan culture and race. They had to look after the homes and teach children Nazi values. They were encouraged to bear many children. But the children had to be 'desirable children'. Honour crosses were awarded to them. If the Aryan women deviated from the prescribe code of conduct they were publicly condemned and severely punished.
In other parts of Europe, women were actively participating in democratic struggles. In countries like France women formed clubs for protest and were ever involved in violent uprisings. They were politically more aware of their rights and were brave enough to demand them. - In what ways did the Nazi state seek to establish total control over its people?
Ans. The Nazis established control over its people by various means. Propaganda popularising and glorifying Nazism was one. Media was carefully used to win support for the regime and popularise it. Nazism worked on the minds of the people, tapped their emotions and turned their hatred and anger against those marked as 'undesirable'.
Special surveillance and security forces to control and order society in ways that the Nazis wanted, was created. It was the extra-constitutional powers of these newly organised forces that gave the Nazi state its reputation as the most dreaded criminal state. The police forces had powers to rule with impunity.
Genocide also created an atmosphere of fear and repression which helped them to establish total control over its people. Hitler played on the bitterness of the German people for the defeat in World War I. He promised to restore Germany's military power and told Germans that they were the greatest people in the world. Secondly, he and his party promised to carry out radical changes in Germany and get rid of the leaders who had failed to provide jobs to the German people.
EXERCISE-01
Multiple choice questions
- What was the response of the Germans to the new Weimar Republic? SNR035
(1) They held the new Weimar Republic responsible for Germany's defeat and the disgrace at Versailles
(2) The republic carried the burden of war guilt and nationalist humiliation
(3) It became the target of attacks in the conservative national circles
(4) All of the above
- In what ways did the First World War leave a deep imprint on European society and polity?
(1) Soldiers were put above civilians, trench-life was glorified
(2) Politicians and publicists laid stress on men to be aggressive and masculine
(3) Aggressive war propaganda and national honour were given the most support and Conservative dictatorships were welcomed
(4) All of the above
- What was the most important result of the Spartacist League uprising in Germany in 1918-19?
(1) The Weimar Republic crushed the rebellion
(2) The Spartacists founded the Communist Party of Germany
(3) The Weimar government accepted the demands of the Spartacist League
(4) Both (1) and (2)
- Which of the following statements is true about the economic crisis in Germany in 1923?
(1) The value of 'Mark' (German currency) collapsed
(2) Prices of goods soared high
(3) Weimer Republic brought economic prosperity
(4) Both (1) and (2)
- Which Article of the Weimar Constitution gave the President the powers to impose emergency, suspend civil rights and rule by decree in Germany?
(1) 46
(2) 47
(3) 48
(4) None of these
- The following statements are about Hitler's early life. Which of them is incorrect?
(1) Hitler was born in 1889 in Austria and spent his youth in poverty
(2) He joined the army during World War I and earned accolades for bravery
(3) He was totally unaffected by German defeat in the war and only thought of improving his career
(4) In 1919 he joined a small group called the German Workers' Party, which later was known as the Nazi Party.
- Which of the following was a special surveillance and security force created by Hitler?
(1) Regular police force in green uniform and stormtroopers
(2) Gestapo (secret state police), the SS (the protection squads)
(3) Criminal police and security service
(4) Both (2) and (3)
- Who was the propaganda minister of Hitler?
(1) Hjalmar Schacht
(2) Hindenburg
(3) Joseph Goebbels
(4) Helmuth
- Which of the following was a feature of Hitler's foreign policy?
(1) He pulled out of the League of Nations in 1933
(2) He decided not to attack any country
(3) He thanked the Allied Powers for having put Germany on the right track
(4) All the above
- Which incident persuaded the USA to join the war?
(1) Hitler's attack on Eastern Europe
(2) Hitler's policy of genocide of the Jews
(3) Helplessness of England and France
(4) Japan's attack on the US base at Pearl Harbour
- Hitler's worldview, which was also the Nazi ideology, was
(1) There was no equality between people, only a racial hierarchy
(2) The blond, blue-eyed, Nordic German Aryans were at the top and Jews at the bottom. The coloured people were placed in between
(3) Jews were the anti-race, the arch enemies of the Aryans
(4) All the above
- According to the Nazis, which people were to be regarded as desirable?
(1) Pure and healthy Nordic Aryan
(2) German soldiers who helped in territorial expansion
(3) German police of different types
(4) All those who were willing to consider Hitler as God
- Which of these were the reasons of Nazi hatred of the Jews?
(1) Jews had been stereotyped as Killers of Christ
(2) They were 'usurers', i.e. moneylenders
(3) The Jews had always cheated the Nazis
(4) Both (1) and (2)
- What was the destination of all 'undesirables' of the German Empire called?
(1) Land of 'undesirables'
(2) Cursed land
(3) General Government
(4) Land for the abnormals
- Pick the odd one out
(1) Allies - UK, France, USSR, USA
(2) Genocidal- Killing on large scale leading to destruction of large sections of people.
(3) Jungvolk - Nazi youth groups for children below 14 years of age.
(4) Wall Street Exchange- The name of the world's biggest concentration camp located in the USA.
- What was 'Jungvolk' in Nazi Germany?
(1) Magazine
(2) Holocaust camp
(3) Youth organisation
(4) Schools
- What was the thinking of Nazi Germany about women?
(1) The fight for equality between men and women was wrong
(2) Girls had to maintain the purity of the race and teach their children Nazi values
(3) Their role was to be of mothers who had to be bearers of the Aryan culture and race
(4) All the above
- What did the term 'Evacuation' mean?
(1) Living in separately marked areas called ghetto
(2) Deporting people to gas chambers
(3) Arrested without any legal procedures
(4) Detained without due process of law
- Name the book written by Charlotte Beradt about dreams of Jews: SNR053
(1) Fearful Dreams
(2) Third Reich of Dreams
(3) Dreams of Death
(4) Dreams of Reich
- In context of Germany what was 'Holocaust'?
(1) Nazi propaganda
(2) Nazi Honour Crosses
(3) Nazi killing operations
(4) A Nazi School
True or false
- The defeat of Imperial Germany and the abdication of the emperor gave an opportunity to parliamentary parties to recast German polity.
- Those who opposed the Weimar Republic, mainly Socialists, Catholics and Democrats, became easy targets of attack in the conservative nationalist circles.
- In 1923, Hitler planned to sieze control of Berlin, march to Bavaria and capture power.
- The Fire Decree of 28 February 1933 indefinitely suspended civic rights like freedom of speech, press and assembly that had been guaranteed by the Weimar Constitution.
- The Chinese Red Army inflicted a crushing and humiliating defeat on Germany at Stalingrad.
Fill in the blanks
- Deputies were now elected to the German Parliament or ___________ on the basis of equal and universal votes cast by all adults including women.
- Aggressive war propaganda and national honour occupied centre stage in the public sphere, while popular support grew for _________ dictatorships that had recently come into being.
- ________ was a powerful speaker. His passion and his words moved people.
- ________ had advised Hitler against investing hugely in rearmament as the state still ran on deficit financing.
- Hitler's racism borrowed from thinkers like _________ and Herbert Spencer.
- Match the columns
1.
ANSWER KEY
Multiple choice questions
True or false
Fill in the blanks
- Reichstag
- Conservative
- Hitler
- Hjalmar Schacht
- Charles Darwin
Match the column
- (A) → (v) ; (B) → (ii) ; (C) → (i) ; (D) → (iii) ; (E) → (iv)
EXERCISE-02
Short Answer Type Questions
- Describe what happened to Germany after its defeat in the First World War.
- Explain how the fragility of Weimar Republic led to the rise of Hitler. SNR067
- 'Nazi ideology was synonymous with Hitler's worldview.' Explain. SNR068
- What happened in schools under Nazism?
- "Jews died many deaths even before they reached the gas chambers." Elaborate.
Long Answer Type Questions
- Can we say that the 'Treaty of Versailles' was a harsh and humiliating peace? Explain giving the conditions laid in this treaty.
- Describe the conditions prevailing in Germany, which led to the situation of Hyperinflation.
- Describe the steps taken by Hitler which brought destruction of democracy in Germany.
- Explain why the attack on Soviet Union by Hitler is termed as a Historic Blunder?
- From where Hitler brought his ideas of racism? Was it justified?
- With the example of Poland, explain how 'Genocide and war became two sides of the same coin'?
- Hitler was fanatically interested in the youth of the country.' Justify the statement, do you think, Hitler was really interested in youth or was he interested just in Nazi or Aryan youth?
- In 1933 Hitler said: 'In my state the mother is the most important citizen.' Do you agree with his statement. SNR078
- 'Media was carefully used to win support for the regime and popularise its worldview.' Explain with appropriate example.
- What do you mean by Holocaust? How the world came to know about it? SNR080
4.0Key Features and Benefits of Class 9 History Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler
- Clear and Simple Language: Concepts are simplified into easy-to-read language that students can understand.
- Strict alignment with NCERT: Solutions are strictly based on the NCERT textbook to ensure students are studying the appropriate and correct material for their exams.
- Completely solved questions: Provides all forms of the questions including short answers, long answers, and source-based.
- Improves Historical understanding: Supports students in understanding the conditions (socio-political) in Germany that led to Hitler rising to power.
- Step-by-step process: Answers are provided in a systematic manner that students can learn to organize their answers.
- Exam focus: Provides important facts and frequently asked questions to boost students' exam preparation.